الحداثة في الفكر والأدب (Modernism)

Abstract

Modernism as a philosophical and artistic trend has a close meaningful connection with Western civilization, its historical context and what it has experientially produced in the various fields of life. In this article, I will try to determine the true meaning of Modernism in the West. I will talk about Modernism in relation to the various historical, political, and social changes. This article will relate to the various meanings of this trend in the West and to the revolutionary changes which the trend witnessed, all the way from the end of the 19th century until the thirties of the 20th century. The article will survey the effect of these changes on literary theories, which find their self expression particularly in:

• The extreme distortion of the natural law and the exaggeration of the forming medium on the account of the formed object,
• new methods in the name of realism of a new type and in the name of grasping literature as a tool which reflects itself,

distinguishing the literary product by a generalization which does not allow for an interpretation with a clear thematic content.